:: 1. Web2.0 ca spatiu de invatare informala, colaborativa si continua ::
Web2.0 ne da tuturor posibilitatea de a invata informal, continuu, colaborativ,
creindu-ne cate un mediu personal de invatare format din:
blogul / blogurile in care scriem reflectii legate de ceea ce invatam, aflam,
proiecte la care lucram, comentarii referitoare la alte bloguri, resurse interesante;
blogul nostru este nod intr-una sau mai multe comunitati de bloguri, pe care
le urmarim, cu a caror autori interactionam, eventual avem proiecte comune
RSS-urile blogurilor / site-urilor pe care le urmarim - si agregatoare /
rss readere pentru managementul acestora
RSS-uri de cautare
colectie de resurse construita cu un sistem de bookmark colaborativ - del.icio.us
diferite wiki-uri, retele sociale ( inclusiv cele bazate pe content ca flickr,
SlideShare, youtube,
etc ), lumi virtuale - Second Life, gaming,
directoare de LO / OER / CC la care participam sau pe care le urmarim
chiar sisteme de comunicare - IM, Skype,
forumuri de discutii
Ideal este ca mediile de invatare personale ale participantilor sa poate fi
folosite / integrate / imbogatite in mediile de invatare ale cursurilor / trainingurilor
online / blended la care participam.
Pentru un profesor / facilitator mediul sau personal de invatare sau parte
a lui poate fi nod central in crearea comunitatilor de invatare in cursurile
pe care le preda / faciliteaza.
Acest mediu se constituie de asemenea intr-un portofoliu de activitate si ne
contureaza profilul
virtual.
Profilactic - prezentat la agregatoare
sociale - permite agregarea tuturor resurselor dintr-un mediu de invatare
personal, iar un sistem interesant care permite cautarea in resursele de mai
sus este Lijit, cu care am creat widget-ul
de mai jos:
:: 2. Conceptul PLE - Personal Learning Environment
::
Daca, in general, crearea unui astfel de mediu de invatare personal o facem
gradual, incorporand noi tehnologii, utilitare, exista numeroase proiecte de
formalizare a conceptului PLE - Personal Learning Environment si de creare de
sisteme specifice.
Termenul de PLE - Personal Learning Environment - a fost pentru prima data
utilizat in 4 noiembrie 2004, la sesiunea
Personal Learning Environments a Conferintei JISC/CETIS 2004.
Pana atunci conceptul ce intrunea multe de caracteristicile PLE era ePortfolio
- vezi PLE
vs ePortfolio.
Nu exista o definitie unica pentru PLE, tocmai datorita flexibilitatii sale.
o colectie de utilitare web, distribuite si free, de obicei organizate
in jurul unui blog, agregate pri RSS si scripturi simple HTML - Sean
Fitzgerald;
o facilitate ce permite accesul, agregarea, configurarea si manipularea
de resurse digitale pentru invatare - Ron
Lubensky;
o colectie de utilitare deschise, interoperabile, sub controlul utilizatorului
- George Siemens;
un spatiu foarte personal in sensul independentei fata de universitate
sau companie, adaptat nevoilor de invatare ale utilizatorului; invatarea este
puternic personala si sociala - Ray
Sims;
sa asigure un acces simplu la servicii, aplicatii si functionalitati; mai
mult un concept decat un sistem - Graham
Attwell.
:: 3. Implementari PLE ::
Anul 2004 a insemnat si aparitia platformei sociale open-source Elgg,
apreciata ca o prima implementare PLE, care incorporeaza retea sociala, de bloguri,
de resurse, RSS, taguri, OpenID, podcasturi. Aparitia Elgg
a precedat cu cateva luni aparitia termenului PLE, dar s-a dezvoltat in timp.
In 2006, proiectul OpenAcademic si-a
propus integrarea intr-un mediu virtual de invatare a produselor open source:
Moodle - integrat deja in proiecte
anterioare cu LAMS si
Elgg
Printre primii care au specificat facilitatile PLE se afla Scott Wilson, cercetator
la Cetis, care a publicat pe blogul
sau in 25 ianuarie 2005 diagrama Future
VLE:
Wilson opune flexibilitatea PLE mediilor de invatare virtuale - VLE, care limiteaza
spatial si temporal accesul la resurse, dar si la comunitatea de invatar, de
multe ori insemnand standarde cu implementari costisitoare ( directoare de Learning
Objects ).
In viziunea lui Wilson, un PLE este un sistem care agregheaza si publica resurse
din:
portofolii din medii de invatare virtuale in care utilizatorul participa
( learndirect - invatamant continuu,
cursuri Bolton University - invatamant formal )
blog personal ( pe LiveJournal
in diagrama ) si bloguri urmarite
contul din reteaua sociala 43things
- care are cateva dintre caracteristicile PLE, organizata in jurul tagurilor
descriind scopuri sau proiecte realizate ale userilor
O prezentare a lui Scott Wilson a conceptului PLE si a proiectului JISC/Cetis:
O contributie importanta in fundamentarea conceptului PLE o Stephen
Downes, care in numarul din octombrie 2005 a eLearn
Magazine, publica articolul e-Learning
2.0: "The e-learning application, therefore, begins to look very much
like a blogging tool. It represents one node in a web of content, connected
to other nodes and content creation services used by other students. It becomes,
not an institutional or corporate application, but a personal learning center,
where content is reused and remixed according to the student's own needs and
interests. It becomes, indeed, not a single application, but a collection of
interoperating applications—an environment rather than a system."
Numeroase prezentari
a lui Downes legate de PLE urmeaza, PLE fiind vazut ca o aplicare a conceptelor
Web2.0 in eLearning.
:: 4. Studiu de caz - extinderea eLearnTS cu
PLE::
Dupa ce patru saptamani s-au putut propune bloguri
educationale la editia a patra a EduBlog Awards,
blogurile finaliste pot fi votate.
Sunt 14 categorii si multe bloguri care merita urmarite; la
fiecare categorie am trecut blogul pe care il consider cel mai bun /
interesant si pe care l-am votat:
The
number of computers, especially in the rural areas, should be increased at least
at the value of the EU indicator of number of computers connected per 100 pupils:
11.3.
More
computers should be located in classrooms, in libraries, in teachers rooms.
61% of EU25 schools provide computers in classrooms.
Investigate the
possibility to provide to schools presentation toolkits consisting of
( wireless ) computer / laptop, projector and interactive whiteboard for be
used in the classrooms.
The
provision of other ICT equipments could be taken into account: whiteboards,
laptops, printers, projectors, PDAs, scanners, digital video cameras.
Broadband
access for schools should be provided - now 44% of Romanian schools are connected,
while 67% in EU25.
Assure ICT support
and maintenance: extend the possibility that schools sign contracts for ICT
support or maintenance with professional ICT service providers.
Create a website
for ICT support ( on MERY or MCTI websites ):
with tutorials,
FAQ ( both could
be organized as wiki ),
live chat,
discussions forums,
online courses
for administrators, technical staff, teachers who want to improve their
knowledge,
presentation of free and open source solutions,
download area,
blogs of practitioners,
RSS feeds.
A methodology
and a specific online integrated system are needed to the ongoing monito-ring
and evaluation quantitative and qualitative of ICT use and impact in education
( ARACIP makes no references to the ICT evaluation and doesn't have an online
system for evaluation ).
Such a methodology
is needed to inform decision makers on whether to expand or modify a particular
policy or programme and develop future actions.
The online system
could offer the possibility to schools to evaluate the grade in which ICT
is used and to suggest future steps.
The system to
implement the European indicators and benchmarks [10], Romania has to report
in EU and international programmes.
Open Source
Software
Some specific actions
related to open source software could be:
implement
pilot programmes in schools to evaluate the using of OS
encourage
the use of open source software in schools and in educational institutions
for operating systems, applications, for virtual learning environments and
content management systems, for open educational content development
the
training programmes for teachers and administrators to contain open source
solutions presentations and applications, not only proprietary solutions
teach
pupils and students skills, not specific applications; the ICT and Technological
Education manuals to present both proprietary and OS solutions
implement
a dedicated website ( or an area on the Ministry's website ) which provides
technical support, download area, best cases sharing, online communities
for actors from education systems and other practitioners
organize
( be partner ) round tables, conferences related to open source software
equip
schools with DVDs containing OS software and guides
partnership
with organizations which activate in OS, with user groups.
The educational content
which already exists, mainly in AeL, should be used more intensive by teachers
and students: connections with curricula, the skills they develop should
be more clear; encourage and support the sharing of best practices - could
be published on the MERY website, and aggregated from other sites, blogs
of educators.
Partnership with European Schoolnet and eTwinning
Schools and participation in projects related to OER, presented above. Schools
to be informed and stimulated to participate. It seems that in the autumn
Romania will be a partner in the eTwinning programme, with ISE as the national
coordinator ( update: in October 1st, Romania has become partner
). Also the possible partnership with Romania appears in European
Schoolnet - Work Programme 2007 [20].
Create a repository with
the educational projects in which Romanian schools and educational organizations
have participated, such as Leonardo, Socrates, eContent programmes: trained
human resources, gained experience and skills, produced materials could
be used, projects could be continued or new ones could be started.
Partnership
with publishers, broadcasters, libraries, cultural institutions to provide
access to their own resources.
Implement an online system
for collaborative production of open educational resources by teachers and
students, based on Web2.0 collaborative technologies. OER can make a valuable
contribution to a diversified supply of learning resources, supporting methodological
diversity, and promoting the individualization of the learning process:
content organized by tags,
specifying target groups, disciplines, skills, types of activities in which
to be used; define quality criteria; possibility for peer review, user comments
and ratings, best practices sharing. It is not necessary that the resource
to be created and uploaded on this platform, but it is possible that a link
to a resource elsewhere created by user is shared, and then validated with
the other users
collaborative tools to
create materials; templates could be provided
community - users
profiles could include interests, name, location, skills, inte-rests specified
and searched by tags; users to be able to work together for produ-cing educational
materials, communicating in discussions forums, and using the collaborative
tools; support also for blogs, wikis, RSS feeds
training - self-paced
tutorials, but also online courses could be organized for teachers and students
on this platform.
In general, the teachers
training programmes should contain topics related to OER, new licenses and
tools to create educational materials in a collaborative manner.
Encourage a competitive market for educational resources production,
guarantee transparency of supply and equal opportunities to market actors.
Define
a set of quality criteria:
pedagogic
principles:effective learning and teaching, the focus from presenting content
to engaging learners in productive learning activities. assessment, improve
practical and cognitive skills
An
online system to evaluate the educational software with a database of suppliers
could be implemented.
A
central portal can be created to provide the connections with all the categories
of resources above.
Collaboration
and Sharing - Web2.0 technologies
Inform, train, and encourage the teachers and pupils to use Web2.0
technologies: RSS, blogs, podcasts, wikis, collaborative bookmark
systems, social networks.
Topics such as online
plagiarism, new licenses, online security should be discussed with pupils.
The educational websites
should offer information related to these issues.
Provide RSS feeds for
all the educational sites developed, for better monitoring by possible users.
Promote blogs written
by innovators in education.
Offer hosting service
for educational blogs and wikis, using open source solutions.
Encourage and support
schools and other educational institutions to use virtual environments for
learning and collaboration based on these solutions.
Personalisation
of Learning - Virtual Learning Environments, eAssessment, ePortfolios
Start with a pilot program to investigate
the impact on education of a 21th century open school, having an
integrated online platform, based on open source solutions and open source resources
and practices:
spaces
for communities of learning and interest dynamically created
traditional
courses supported by a virtual environment with online resources and discussions,
being accessible from anywhere, anytime, from home too, open also to parents
to monitor their children's progress
online
tool to assess pupils knowledge and skills, and to provide online guidance
and materials for development
support
for pupils ePorfolios which will be ongoing developed during their lifelong
learning; learners set up and develop their own ePortfolio for documenting
and reflecting on the progress and results of their study work
school
online resources accessible to the community
online
projects collaboratively developed with other schools
blogs,
wikis to share experience.
Teachers
Training - flexibility, online courses, new technologies
The
standard for ICT skills for teachers to take into account the new skills
recommended by EC, required to collaborate, to share practice, to use the
new technologies, to moderate online environments.
Encourage a competitive market for training programmes, guarantee
transparency of supply and equal opportunities to market actors.
During
the training programmes, teachers should be able to know and practice new
collaborative and communication technologies.
The training programmes for teachers to contain open source solutions
presentations and applications, not only proprietary solutions; also OER, new licenses, tools to collaboratively
create educational materials.
The
possibility to acreditate online courses would assure flexible in-service
training, assuring the tailoring to the specific needs, and would give examples
of good practices
Competences
developed via formal, informal and non-formal to be recognized, as recommended
by EC.
Implement
an online system to assess teachers ICT competencies and to offer guidance
for future development.
Peer
mentoring and collaboration in online communities - with online tutorials
and guides, case studies, discussions - assure experience sharing, learning
from the others experience.
Encourage the use of blogs,
wikis to share experience and to continuously learning.
Train e-trainers, use
the experience of organizations which activate in this domain, in Leonardo,
Socrates, and Grundtvig programmes too.
Roger mi-a raspuns intr-un email ca a putut afla cam ce scriu
in blog, de la colegii sai romani de la EUN.org.
Blogurile scrise de profesori pot fi surse de inspiratie
pentru alti profesori, centre de dialog cu actori din educatie,
inclusiv cu elevi, studenti, surse de bune practici.
Impreuna cu Seppo Tella, profesor
la University of Helsinki,
ma ocup de derularea unui program pilot in 17 scoli din zone rurale si elaborarea
unor recomandari legate de utilizarea ICT in invatamantul preuniversitar.
Pe o platforma Moodle discutam
si avem activitati legate de resurse educationale deschise, tehnologii colaborative
Web2.0, sisteme open-source:
Introducere: Ce inseamna resurse educationale deschise
Modul1. Ce inseamna Web 2.0. Implicatii in educatie
Modul2. Despre RSS. Definitie, istoric, editare, abonare
Modul3. Despre RSS. Directoare, cautari, aplicatii
Intentionam ca pe langa informatii / resurse / instrumente care sa fie prezentate, discutate in acest spatiu, fiecare participant sa-si construiasca un portofoliu de aplicatii; de asemenea sa demaram si publicam cateva proiecte colaborative in care sa fie implicati si elevi, chiar din scoli diferite.
Blog/Categorii
